Generally speaking, no. As mentioned in an earlier post, while albinism is linked to certain health conditions (meaning albino pokémon are at a higher risk of being actually, physically sick—but do keep in mind that this is a risk and is not true for all albino pokémon by default), melanism is not linked to any particular health issue. Thus, a melanistic pokémon may act in the same way as a brown-coated eevee, albeit a melanistic pokémon may be hardier than its brown-furred cousins.